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Page 2

Percentage of sedation use in different countries

CountrySedationPropofol useBenzodia-zepines alone useBenzodiaze-pines plus opioids useNo. of nurses present during endoscopyPulse oximetry useSupplemental oxygen use
Canada90%12%always1
Italy42.30% for ERCP (by anaesthesiologists)50.80%39.50%100%By 39.3% of endoscopists
GreeceEGD: 64%; Colonoscopy: 78%; ERCP: 100%; EUS: 100%33.80% (in selected cases and only by anaesthesiologists)35.30%62.10%96%
United States98%25.70%74.30%98.60%By 72.7% of endoscopists (in all EGDs)
Switzerland78%43% (regular use with or without the help of an anaesthesiologist)Midazolam for the majority of endoscopies195%
SpainEGD: 20%; Colonoscopy: 20%; ERCP: 100%; EGD: 74%Only by anaesthesiologistsOnly for EFDOnly for colonoscopies177%
GermanyColonoscopy: 87%74%82%35%97%34%